Breast Cancer Research

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Stop! In the name of transforming growth factor-β: keeping estrogen receptor-α-positive mammary epithelial cells from proliferating

Sandra L Grimm and Jeffrey M Rosen*

Author Affiliations

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA

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Breast Cancer Research 2006, 8:106 doi:10.1186/bcr1520

Published: 11 July 2006

Abstract

Recent genetic and cell biological studies illustrate the importance of active transforming growth factor-β signaling in preventing the proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive cells in the normal mammary gland, and suggest how the loss of this inhibition may be important in early breast cancer progression.