Table 2

Transgenic mouse models of breast cancer metastasis

TG mouse model

Expression

Tumor incidence (%)

Tumor latency (months)

Metastasis incidence (%)

Metastatic site

Metastasis latency (months)

References

Single-transgenic mice

MMTV-Cox2

Mammary gland

>85

7^a

b

LN

[101]

MMTV-Wnt1

Mammary gland

60

8

b

Lung, LN

[7,16,77]

MMTV-Neu

Mammary gland

100

6.8^a

72

Lung

8

[16,102]

MMTV-Neu activated

Mammary gland

100

3^a-5

20

Lung

3.5

[42,44]

MMTV-Neu (YB)

Mammary gland

100

6^a

65

Lung

2

[44,67]

MMTV-Neu (YD)

Mammary gland

100

3.6^a

44

Lung

2

MMTV-PyMT

Mammary gland

100

1–6

>85; 51

Lung; LN

3.5

[16,45,51]

MTB-TAN

Mammary gland

100

-

92

Lung

[16,103]

MT-Met

Mammary gland

b

10

b

Lung; LN; kidney; heart; cecum

[16,104]

C3(1)-Tag

Mammary gland

100

3–6

b

Lung

[16,105]

Wap-Notch4

Mammary gland

100

6.2

High

Lung

[106]

Wap-T-NP

Mammary gland

12–83

11

b

Lung, LN

[107]

Wap-Ras

Mammary gland, salivary gland

100

6

14

Lung

[16,108]

Wap-HGF

Mammary gland

89

1–2

22

Lung

1–2

[109]

H19-IGF2

Mammary gland

50–100

>9

38

Lung, spleen; liver

[16,110]

Composite-transgenic mice

p53fp/fp MMTV-Cre Wap-Cre

Mammary gland deletion

100

10–18^a

50

Lung, liver

[111]

p53^+/- MMTV-ΔN-β-catenin

Mammary gland

100

9.8^a

39

Lung

[112]

CD44^-/-MMTV-PyMT

Mammary gland

100

3.5^a

66

Lung

3.5

[12]

MMTV-Neu;SR2F

Mammary gland

86.8

8^a

12

Lung

[70]

MMTV-NeuYB;TβRI(AAD)

Mammary gland

8.9^a

65

Lung

2

[67]

MMTV-NeuYD;TβRI(AAD)

Mammary gland

4.4^a

44

>Extravascular

MMTV-NeuYB;TβRII(ΔCyt)

Mammary gland

6^a

65

<Extravascular

MMTV-rtTA/TetOp-TGF-β1S223/225; MMTV-PyMT

Mammary gland

1.8^a

>10-fold

Lung

3.2

[68]

MMTV-Neu; S100A4

Mammary gland

12

50

Lung

[16,113]

MMTV-Wnt1; int2

Mammary gland

90

4^a

b

Lung, LN

[7,77]

MMTV-PyMT; uPA^-/-

Mammary gland

100

1.5^a

31

Lung, LN

3.5

[45,51,52]

MMTV-PyMT; Plg^-/-

Mammary gland

100

1.5^a

25^c

Lung

3

MMTV-PyMT; VEGF

Mammary gland

100

1–2

100

Lung

2

[91]

MMTV-PyMT; MEKK1^-/-

Mammary gland

100

3

25

Lung

4

[53]

^aTumor t₅₀ was reported; ^bmetastasis/tumor appearance but not incidence was reported; ^clung metastasis in all Plg^-/- mice analyzed versus 56% in control mice; metastasis was dependent on tumor burden. HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; LN, lymph nodes.

Fantozzi and Christofori Breast Cancer Research 2006 8:212   doi:10.1186/bcr1530