Table 1

Glossary of terms used in the present review

Term
Description

Microarray
Microscope slide or chip with immobilized probes, usually cDNA, BAC, or oligo probes
cDNA
Complementary DNA: a DNA that is complementary to a given RNA, which serves as a template for synthesis of the DNA in the presence of reverse transcriptase. When printed on microarray slides, they are usually 0.5–2 kilobases (kb)
BAC
Bacterial artificial chromosome: a DNA construct, based on a fertility plasmid, used for transforming and cloning in bacteria, usually Escherichia coli. Its usual insert size is 150 kb, with a range from 100 to 300 kb
Oligo
Oligonucleotide: a relatively short single-stranded nucleic acid chain, usually 20–80 base pairs
Gene expression profiling
Global analysis of transcribed RNA in a tissue of interest. Usually based on the cohybridization of differentially labeled test and reference cDNAs to probes on microarray slides
SAGE
Serial analysis of gene expression: generates a library of expressed genes by taking a raw count of sequence tags, each representing a transcript in the RNA population
CGH
Comparative genomic hybridization: comparative hybridization of differentially labeled DNA of interest (e.g. tumor) and a reference (any genomic DNA) to normal metaphase chromosomes
Array-CGH
Array-based CGH: comparative hybridization of differentially labeled DNA of interest (e.g. tumor) and a reference (any genomic DNA) to probes on a microarray slide

Rennstam and Hedenfalk Breast Cancer Research 2006 8:213   doi:10.1186/bcr1528